https://academic.oup.com/cid/advance-article/doi/10.1093/cid/ciab707/6353927

Mpg2022
I'm a cancer and reconstructive surgeon. The nature of my subspecialty means that I have a better working knowledge of muscle anatomy than just about any other physician or surgeon outside my subspecialty. In the deltoid, the large veins are only found on the deep aspect of the muscle where the blood supply enters the muscle (ie: the neurovascular hilum). The large vessels arborise very quickly into much, much smaller and finer branches such that nearer the muscle surface (the area where most IM injection needles would get to), there are few if any veins of sufficient size that cannulation could occur leading to an inadvertant intravenous injection. This risk is reduced further if the site is pinched during needle entry (collapses the blood vessels).

That said, I have never understood why present day training seems to advise against aspiration prior to intramuscular injection in both medical and nursing courses. Perhaps I am a bit of a dinosaur (graduated medical school in 1995), so I still do it the traditional way. I know full well that the likelihood of inadvertant IV injection with the short, fine needles (as used with Covid-19 and flu vaccination) is practically zero. However, it does no harm to aspirate, seems entirely logical and sensible; and is hardly a huge extra task in the process. I have seen enough freak events happen over my many years of work that I rather not take any chances. I also do not understand the seeming active resistance that some medical and nursing practitioners have when asked by patients to aspirate prior to IM injection. There's no need to be difficult for something so simple and if it affords the patient a measure of reassurance, surely we should just do so rather than be a**hats about it.

Sorry for my rather long post.

MSU and Stanford University scientists have invented a nanoparticle that eats away – from the inside out – portions of plaques that cause heart attacks.

Magnesium glycinate is better?

Nathan Pritikin was diagnosed w/ heart disease in his forties. Not satisfied w/ his doc's advice, he determined that a plant-based diet could help. After he died at age 69 of radiation-induced leukemia, an autopsy found his arteries clear and pliable, suggesting his diet reversed his heart disease.

Two studies from one project: foods naturally low in animal saturated fats are the healthiest.

I think this is right: For fast metabolizers of caffeine, coffee has protective effects; for slow metabolizers of caffeine, coffee has harmful effects.

Gregger says eat whole food sources of fat, never/minimal processed sources like refined oils. Furhman 2015 study suggests whole food sources are fine and when a part of whole food, plant based diet will promote reversal of heart disease. Wow! Need to follow up.

Eat berries and drink green and black tea for boosts to certain health markers.

Coffee mixed regarding artery function, but tea is generally good, black or green.

Persuasive evidence that higher levels of TMAO lead to higher incidence of heart attacks and heart failure. TMAO comes from byproducts of eating animal products, dairy, eggs, meat. TMAO seems to work in at least two ways on increasing death by heart attack/failure. High TMAO blood serum levels increase macrophage cholesterol intake, and (I think) these macrophages are found in atherosclerosis plaques, so TMAO fills these phages with cholesterol faster--my interpretation; video doesn't get into this. Further, high TMAO levels are associated with increased incidence of heart failure in patients already suffering from weak heart. Much of these findings have been replicated multiple times.