😟 Guilt can backfire if it explicitly holds a person responsible for another’s suffering.
🌍 Guilt is more persuasive when it appeals to a person’s general desire to better society (existential guilt) rather than giving them direct responsibility for a specific problem.
📊 Overall guilt has only a small persuasive effect in spurring behavior change, in line with previous research.
🔄 Guilt works better when it is clear that the problem can be changed, and possible actions to take are proposed.
🌱 Guilt is more persuasive in environmental and educational issues but less effective in health communications.
👥 Guilt can be an effective motivator for action in distant and broader issues, such as natural disasters or social injustice.
🤝 Implicitly using guilt appeals to make others feel responsible for societal issues may be more effective than explicitly assigning blame.